Resources for Understanding & Teaching Sustainability
Why teach sustainability?
“Sustainability implies that the critical activities of a higher education institution are (at a minimum)
ecologically sound, socially just, and economically viable, and that they will continue to be so for future
generations. A truly sustainable college or university would emphasize these concepts in its
curriculum and research, preparing students to contribute as working citizens to an environmentally
sound and socially just society. The institution would function as a sustainable community, embodying
responsible consumption of food and energy, treating its diverse members with respect, and supporting
these values in the surrounding community.”
– Association of University Leaders for a Sustainable Future
A central goal of a liberal arts education is to broadly train students so that they may become responsible citizens who can understand and respond to the complex issues that they face. Sustainability represents a complex, interconnected and ever-changing set of issues, and the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh has adopted it as an Essential Learning Outcome in its new general education program, the University Studies Program.
The sustainability concept grew out of concerns that post-World War II development efforts were falling short on two fronts: 1) although they were contributing to economic growth, they were performing poorly in improving human welfare in many regions; 2) they were depleting resources faster than they could be renewed or substituted, degrading the environment in many places, pushing global biogeochemical thresholds in unprecedented ways, and undermining ambitious nature conservation efforts.
In this context, sustainability represents the merging of conservation and development goals for the long-term health of human societies and Earth’s life-giving processes that support them. Sustainability is now widely accepted as the way forward by governments, businesses, educational institutions, NGOs, communities, and individuals worldwide.
Below are some resources that may be of value as you begin incorporating sustainability ideas into your courses. These resources are part of a Sustainability Reference Database that contains academic and popular articles, books, reports, videos, links, and other resources related to sustainability.
Introductory materials:
- Sustainability and the liberal arts
- Defining sustainability
- Sustainability basics
- Historical roots of sustainability
- Seminal works
- Key concepts
- "Essentials" by Brian Kermath
- "Sustainability DNA" by Brian Kermath
- Anthropocene (the geological time period defined by human action)
- Basic human needs
- Biodiversity loss
- Climate change/Global warming
- History of our understanding of the issues
- IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Research Reports
- Recent apparent "pause" in surface global warming trend
- Cognition (how we think about and perceive issues)
- Collapse of societies
- Development and challenges to development
- Ecological Economics
- Basic economic concepts
- Discount rates
- Externalities (costs excluded from transaction costs)
- Perverse subsidies (subsidies with unintended negative consequences)
- Natural capital
- Ecological footprint (measuring ecological impacts)
- Human population
- Planetary boundaries
- Resilience
- Other resources
- News sources (Sustainability)
- Recommended books
- Videos
- Research strategies
Special Topics
- Unconventional fossil fuels
- Hydraulic fracturing (fracking)
- Methane hydrates (frozen natural gas in sea beds & permafrost)
- Fugitive (or unburned) methane emissions
- Human-induced earthquakes (associated with fracking & other energy technologies)
- Net energy (energy return on energy investment - EROI)
- Energy efficiency
- Efficiency and Jevons' Paradox (if I don't use it, someone else will)
- Renewable energy
- BPA and other hormone disruptors
- Global change / global warming and human health
- Biodiversity and human health
- Food deserts
- Food miles
- Food movements (e.g., slow food, local food, urban food production)
- Processed and fast foods
- Genetically modified organisms (GMOs)





