Catholicism. The Unpredictable Rise of Rome

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Rome was once the center of Christian persecution, but the martyrdom there of Paul and Peter began the unfolding of a historical epic that ended with the seat of empire becoming the spiritual capital of the Western Latin church. This program charts the development of Roman Catholicism, traveling to the ancient Port of Ostia, churches in Ravenna, and a remote Celtic monastery to show how Constantine took Christianity from a religion for the downtrodden to a faith aligned with temporal power and wealth. As the Church expanded, key doctrines fell into place: priestly celibacy, confession and penance, purgatory and indulgences, and original sin. The video highlights the accomplishments of Damasus I, Gregory I, and Gregory the Reformer; examines early signs of schism that began with the "barbarian" Theodoric; assesses the impact of the First Crusade; and considers the harsh measures of Innocent III that set the stage for the Reformation.