History of American Criminal Justice

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ACJ: BASIS IN LAW: Three Branches: Law Enforcement, Courts, Corrections; Ancient Origins of Criminal Justice; English Common Law and Colonial America ; Independence, Revolution and Bill of Rights;Due Process under 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, 14th Amendments. U.S. LAW ENFORCEMENT: Police, U. S. Marshalls, Texas Rangers; August Vollmer and Police Professionalism; Detention, Arrest, Evidence; Federal Law Enforcement; Probable Cause, Miranda Warning. U.S. COURT SYSTEM: Local, State and Federal Courts; Prosecutors and Defense Attorneys; Hearings, Plea Bargaining and Trial; Punishment and Sentencing; Capital Punishment. U.S. CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM: Four Functions of Corrections; History of U.S. Jails and Prisons; Prisoner Rights and Litigation; Parole and Recidivism; Juvenile Justice System. FUTURE OF ACJ: Privatization of Prisons; In Psychology, Sociology, Social Work, Penology & Criminology; In Law Enforcement.