Biographical Information for British Scientists 

II.  CHEMICAL PHYSICS: ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Hydrogen atom

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scientist apparatus
basic biographies special websites related work by
John Dalton, FRS 1766-1844
A New System of Chemical Philosophy 1808 (Classic Papers)

Weisstein
Lynch
Woodrow Wilson
Charlesworth
EuCheMS Millenium
chemsoc
Dublin
Path to the Periodic Table (Chemical Heritage)
Identifying the Invisible (Fromm)
Atoms (Fromm)
Atoms (Charlesworth)
Avogadro 1776-1856
Italian

Avogadro's Hypothesis 1811
(Chem Team)
Sir John Herschel, FRS 1792-1871 (Cambridge)

St. Andrew's
Dublin


William Whewell, FRS  1794-1866 (Trinity)

Victorian Web
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy


William Henry Fox Talbot, FRS
1800-1877 (Cambridge)

St. Andrew's
BBC 
Fox Talbot Museum of Photography

Charles Wheatstone 1802-1875

BBC
King's College Physics

electricity timeline
Pioneers in Optics

James Joule, FRS 1818-1889
On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat 1845 (Chem Team)
Some Remarks on Heat and the constitution of Elastic Fluids 1851 (Classic Papers)

Weisstein
photo of Joule's paddlewheel apparatus
Conservation of Energy & Thermodynamics (Victorian Web)
Electromagnetic Personalities
Heat (Fromm)
Fourier 1768-1830 French
Carnot 1796-1832 French
Sir George Stokes 1819-1903 (Cambridge)
President of the Royal Society

St. Andrews
Weisstein
Electromagnetic Personalities

William Thomson, Lord Kelvin 1824-1907 (Cambridge)
President of the Royal Society
On an Absolute Thermometric Scale 1848 (Classic Papers)
On the Dynamical Theory of Heat 1852 (Classic Papers)
Wave Theory of Light 1884 (Modern History Sourcebook)
Electricity and Atomic Structure 1902 (Chem Team)
buried at Westminster Abbey
memorial window
Leyden jar
voltmeter
St. Andrews
Weisstein
BBC
San Jose State
Conservation of Energy & Thermodynamics (Victorian Web)
Electromagnetic Personalities
Heat (Fromm)

Helmholtz 1821-1894 German
James Clerk Maxwell, FRS 1831-1879 (Trinity)
First Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics
Limitation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics 1872 (Classic Papers)
Molecules 1873 (Victorian Web)
Museum at the Cavendish

viscosity of gases

other apparatus
St. Andrews
Victorian Web
Weisstein
King's College Physics
electricity timeline
History of Cavendish Lab
Electromagnetic Personalities
James Clerk Maxwell Foundation
pioneers in optics
link to photography
behavior of gases (Fromm)
Laidler part 2
Laidler part 3
charge and current (Victorian Web)
Conservation of Energy & Thermodynamics (Victorian Web)
wave theory of light (Victorian Web)
ether and field theories (Victorian Web)
Lynch magnetism
Clausius 1822-1888 German
Sir William Crookes 1832-1919
President of the Royal Society
apparatus for electron discovery
Weisstein
cathode rays (Cavendish)
Famous Scientists (Fromm)
Isotopes (Fromm)

cathode rays (Fromm)
half-life (Fromm)

Sir William Henry Perkin, FRS 1838-1907

mauve dye
VictorianWeb on style:
homes
dress


EuCheMS Millenium
Perkin Medal (Chemical Heritage)
Chemical Achievers (Chemical Heritage)
History of Imperial College
Imperial College
Synthetic Organic Chemistry (Fromm)
Baeyer 1835-1917 German
John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh 1842-1919 (Trinity)
Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics
President of the Royal Society
Density of Nitrogen 1892 (Classic Papers)
Argon 1895 (Classic Papers)
spinning coil

standards
St. Andrews
Nobel (1904 physics)
Weisstein
History of Cavendish Lab
Electromagnetic Personalities
pioneers in optics
Royal Institution

Sir William Ramsay 1852-1916
An Undiscovered Gas 1897 (Classic Papers)
Experiments in Radioactivity, and the Production of Helium from Radium 1903 (Classic Papers)

Weisstein
Nobel (1904 chemistry)
EuCheMS Millenium
Chemical Achievers
Trail of the Elements (Fromm)
Periodic Table of the Lecturers

Sir Joseph John Thomson 1856-1940 (Trinity)
Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics
President of the Royal Society
Cathode Rays 1897 (Classic Papers)
Cathode Rays 1899 (Chem Team)
On the Structure of the Atom 1904 (Chem Team)
buried at Westminster Abbey
apparatus used for electron discovery (Cambridge)

apparatus diagrams (AIP)

electroscope
Nobel (1906 physics)
Charlesworth
Weisstein
chemsoc
U. Manchester Nobels
Manchester Physics
History of Cavendish Lab
Discovery of the Electron (AIP)
Science Museum online exhibit
Cavendish educational site
Cavendish biography
Cavendish discovery of electron
Cavendish positive rays
Chemical Achievers
Great Names in Mass Spectrometry
The Electrons (Charlesworth)
Isotopes (Fromm)
cathode rays (Fromm)
Royal Institution
Millikan 1868-1953 American
Charles Wilson, FRS 1869-1959 (Cambridge)

Nobel (1927 physics)
U. Manchester Nobels
Weisstein
Cavendish biography
Cavendish cloud chamber


Lord Ernest Rutherford 1871-1937 (Trinity)
Cavendish Professor of Experimental Physics
President of the Royal Society
Uranium Radiation (Chem Team)
Structure of the Atom 1911 (Chem Team)
buried at Westminster Abbey
movie of gold foil experiment
animated scattering expt
backscattering experiment
Nobel (1908 chemistry)
Nobel archive
Weisstein
Charlesworth
EuCheMS Millenium
chemsoc
PBS
BBC
U. Manchester Nobels
Manchester Physics
pioneers in optics
atomic structure PBS
Cambridge science landmarks
 
History of Cavendish Lab
Cavendish educational site
Cavendish discovery of the nucleus
Cavendish biography
Chemical Achievers
The Electrons (Charlesworth)
The Nuclear Atom (Charlesworth)
radioactivity (Fromm)

half-life (Fromm)

Royal Institution
Curie 1867-1934 Polish
Francis Aston, FRS 1877-1945 (Trinity)
Isotopes and Atomic Weights 1920 (Chem Team)
apparatus for positive rays
Nobel (1922 Chemistry)
EuCheMS Millenium
Cavendish biography
mass spectroscopy

Isotopes (Fromm)
Great Names in Mass Spectrometry

Frederick Soddy, FRS 1877-1956 (Oxford)

Nobel (1921 Chemistry)
Weisstein
EuCheMS Millenium
half-life (Fromm)

Owen Richardson, FRS 1879-1959 (Trinity)

Nobel (1928 physics)


Henry Moseley 1887-1915 (Oxford)

Weisstein
Manchester Physics
Charlesworth


Sir James Chadwick, FRS 1891-1974 (Cambridge)
The Existence of a Neutron 1932 (Chem Team)
paraffin wax
Nobel (1935 physics)
Weisstein
PBS
U. Manchester Nobels
Manchester Physics
world class awards
Cavendish educational site
discovery of the neutron
Cavendish biography
Bohr 1885-1962 Danish
Sir George P. Thomson, FRS 1892-1975 (Trinity)

Nobel (1937 physics)
Cavendish biography
Fermi 1901-1954 Italian
Sir John Cockcroft 1897-1967 (Cambridge)
Ernest Walton 1903-1995 (Cambridge)
Cockcroft-Walton machine
Nobel (1951 physics)
splitting the atom
Cavendish biography (JC)
Transmutation (Fromm)
Lawrence 1901-1958 American
Patrick Blackett 1897-1974 (Cambridge)
bubble chamber
Nobel (1948 physics)
Weisstein
U. Manchester Nobels
Manchester Physics

Anderson 1905-1991  American
Paul Dirac, FRS 1902-1984 (Cambridge)

Nobel (1933 physics)
St. Andrews
Weisstein
Dirac Centennial Celebration
Transmutation (Fromm)
Royal Society
Institute of Physics
Physics Web
Schrödinger 1887-1961 Austrian
Heisenberg
1901-1976 German


Last updated: February 4, 2009