Oceanography Links:

General Information:

• Here is a good resource for information about English measurement units (why haven't we moved on from this crazy system?)
• Pressure calculator for underwater.
• Here is the website for the new deep sea drilling ship the Chikyu
• Here is a link to a good YouTube video that shows the drill rig operation on the Joides Resolution.
• Here is another video that shows the drill pipe assembly.
• Young dolphins in the Gulf of Mexico dying may be linked to the BP Oil Spill.
• The NOAA National Climate Data Center tracks climate and weather conditions for the U.S.
• Science Magazine’s Oceanography Collection.
• The NOAA Photo Library.
• The University of Delaware's Voyage to the Deep Site is a great resource for deep sea oceanography.
• The Australian National Oceans Office photo collection.
• This Science article summarizes recent findings in ocean basin evolution, volcanism, and ocean circulation.
• Check out this Oceanography Links Page maintained by Palomar College's Oceanography Program
• Shedd Aquarium in Chicago
• The Earth Science Virtual Library
• Ocean Explorer: A great web resource from NOAA with a gallery of helpful photos and animations.
• Animations, including tsunamis, from Prentice Hall publishers.
• Check out this site called RealClimate which provides explanations by climate scientists to the major climate questions facing us.
• Photos showing the effects of global warming from the BBC.
• Dr. Christopher Scotese's Paleomap Project has great plate tectonic reconstructions, maps and animations.
• Here is a short summary story about the origin of the Earth's oceans from Science Now.

Hydrothermal vents on the seafloor:

• Nova (PBS) site on hydrothermal vents.
• The University of Delaware has a great vents site with video clips.
• Here is a good video on hydrothermal vents YouTube.
• Here is another one with Bob Ballard, one of the people who discovered hydrothermal vent communities.
• This video has become famous for documenting an undersea volcanic eruption -- it is not a hydrothermal vent, but shows the nature of volcanism on the seafloor.
• Here is a great video from National Geographic on hydrothermal vents.
• A GREAT list of links on Hydrothermal Vents from the Ocean Drilling Program.
• Check out this recent article on evolution of vent communities.
• Here is a great short Science article on a worm that can tolerate very high temperatures.
• This University of Delaware site on the Pompeii Worm.
• NOAA's Seafloor vents Page.
• Fossil Seafloor Vent Communities.
• NASA’s Destination Earth.

El Niño:

• NOAA El Niño Page
• La Niña is the counterpart to El Nino.
• There has been a strong La Niña Event in 2010.
• El Niño: Julia Cole’s summary article in Science.
• NASA-Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s Topex satellite web site or information of sea surface topography and El Niño.
• Amazing resources from NASA’s Earth Observatory.

Biological Productivity and Climate:

• A recent study found that fish are major contributors to carbonate mud production.
• From NASA in 2006: Greenland is losing ice much faster than previously thought.
• Check out this NASA article that discusses increased melting on Greenland
• The role of water in the atmosphere and how that might contribute to climate change.
• Greenhouse gas rise today is about 30 times greater than during ancient intervals of global warming.
• Monsoon winds over the Arabian Sea are connected to changes in the northern hemisphere.
• See this NASA site reporting recent increased Coastal upwelling off the coast of California.
• What is phytoplankton? Check out this NASA site to find out.
• Coccolithophids are an important group of phytoplankton.
• How do phytoplankton affect climate? Check out this NASA site to see.
• More generally, can organic carbon sequestration affect climate?
• NASA's SeaWIFS Satellite Images of Oceanic Productivity
• Iron as a nutrient from the Palomar College Oceanography Program
• Biography of John Martin from NASA’s Earth Observatory web site
• Case study teaching notes for "Is Iron Fertilization Good for the Sea?"
• USGS LANDSAT Page
• Chemical Elements in Seawater
• Methane and the evolution of horses: this NASA study suggests there is a relationship between global warming and the evolution of horses.
• This NASA site discusses the human impact on terrestrial ecosystems.
• This NASA site discusses computer models forecast a rapid rise in global temperature if greenhouse emissions continue to increase.
• Climate TimeLine Information Tool: explore weather & climate change over different time scales (powers of 10) (from the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), Boulder, Colorado and the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)).
• Check out this site called RealClimate which provides explanations by climate scientists to the major climate questions facing us.
• The Australian National Oceans Office photo collection:

Coral Reefs:

• Here is a great interview (28 minutes) with Ellen Prager, former chief scientist of NOAA's underwater research lab in the Florida Keys on NPR's Fresh Air. You can download it and listen to the interview on your computer, ipod, or other device.
• This site by the World Resources Institute provides an evaluation of reef stress by location in Google Earth. Zoom in and check out reefs around the world.
• The World Resources Institute released an updated report on the state of coral reefs around the world. You can download the report, maps and other materials at their web site.
• Here is a link to a separate page with lots of links to pages that deal with the major stresses on coral reefs.
• New study comparing historical record to recent coral die-off in Caribbean: Science Article and Coral Reef Alliance Paper.
• NOAA’s Coral Health and Monitoring Page
• The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
• The University of South Florida’s Reef Indicators Lab
• General information on reefs.
• For information on the Great Barrier Reef see this comprehensive web site by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority of Australia.
• Check this NOAA for a summary of diseases that affect coral.
• NOAA's Coral bleaching hotspot tracking program.
• This is a USGS study of the relationship between African dust and coral damage in Florida and the Caribbean.

Ocean Circulation:

• Here is a great resource, Perpetual Ocean, from NASA to understand the surface curculation of the oceans
• Check out this Wood's Hole Oceanographic Institution site on ocean mixing.
• This is an amazing near real-time global wind map created by Cameron Beccario. You can zoom in and rotate the virtual Earth. Check it out!
• This model by Fernanda Viégas and Martin Wattenberg gives a nice high-resolution view of the U.S. This near real-time map for the U.S. was the original (Cameron Beccario based his global model (above).

Properties of Seawater:

• Check out this great interactive periodic table and short podcasts for each element from the British Royal Society of Chemistry.
• Here is a seawater density calculator built into a web site from Matthias Tomczak at Finders University in Australia.
• Here is a another density calculator web site by UNESCO.
• This page has a great set of seawater property calculators from Matthias Tomczak at Finder University in Australia.
• This Science page discusses mixing of seawater in the tropics by salty "fingers".
• This calculator allows you to input the water depth and it gives you the pressure at that depth.

Ocean Resources:

• Methane Hydrates on the Sea Floor.
• Here is a series of pages about methane haydrates from the Research Consortium for Methane Hydrate Resources in Japan.
• See this site by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Seafloor Sciences Branch for information about methane hydrates.
  

Tsunamis:

• Check out the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Tsunami Research site.
• Here is the PBS TV NOVA site for their program "The Wave that Shook the World".
• Here is a web site that contains a collection of videos from the December 2004 tsunami from the West Hampton School District.

Lakes:

• Information on the Great Lakes (levels, real-time levels, tides, biology, environmental concerns, etc) from the Great Lakes Information Network.

More General Information:

• The Ocean Drilling Program.
• This site lets you explore the deep sea drilling ship JOIDES Resolution.
• The World Data Center for Marine Geology & Geophysics in Boulder, Colorado manages all types of data from the ocean floor.
• Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
• Check out this world map showing total sediment thickness of the world’s oceans and marginal seas
• This site gives you access to amazing amounts of oceanic global temperature and salinity data
• University of California San Diego Digital Globe
• This site maintained at NASA's Johnson Space Center contains the most complete collection of all photographs of the Earth taken by astronauts from 1961 to the present. NASA uses this site for its own research archive needs.
• NASA's Visible Earth searchable web site with thousands of images and animations of the Earth.

Miscellaneous:

• The Bermuda Biological Station for Research
• Bermuda Information
• Caribbean Marine Research Center
• More Geology Links
• More Geology Links
• USGS Volcanoes Page
• USGS Earthquakes Page
• Earthquake Activity
• Population Information
• CIA World Factbook Page
• Energy and Politics I
• Minerals
• Ice Shelf Collapse in Antarctica!
• RIce University's Antarctica Page
• Check out NASA’s West Antarctic Ice Sheet Study