rev_sht.html

Review Notes

The end of chapter "Key Equations", "Summary of Facts and Concepts" and "Key Words" are as good an overview or review sheet as I could make for you. The only thing better would be for you to make your own review sheet (See below). In each chapter review section there are a few things that you are either not responsible for or that need clarification. I include that information for each class section below.

Section 1: Atoms	Section 2: Nuclear Chemistry	Section 3: Compounds, RXNs and Stoichiometry	Section 4: Chemical bonding
Section 5: Molecular Shapes	Section 6: Intermolecular Interactions and Solutions	Section 7: Thermodynamics 1 (ΔH)	Section 8: Thermochemistry II, Kinetics & Equilibrium
Section 9: Acids, Bases and Equilibrium

Atoms
Chapter 2

You are responsible for Facts and Concepts # 1, 3 & 4.
You are responsible for all Key Words except: acid, allotrope, base, binary compound, chemical formula, diatomic molecule, empirical formula, hydrate, ionic compound, law of definite proportions, law of multiple proportions, molecular formula, molecule, oxoacid, oxoanion, polyatomic ion, polyatomic molecule, structural formula and ternary compound.

Chapter 7

You are responsible for all Key Equations except for 7.4 & 7.5. In addition you should understand that ΔE = E_f - E_i, where subscript f implies the final energy level and subscript i implies the intial energy level. Given any expression like 7.4 for an energy as a function of a quantum number you should be able to calculate ΔE and then use that with equation 7.1 & 7.2 to find the photon frequency or wavelength. Working the other direction from wavelength to ΔE and then to a quantum number is also expected.
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts # 1 - 8, 10, 11 (but think in terms of s, p & d instead of the angular momentum quantum number), 12 (just know Pauli Principle as "orbitals hold at most two electrons and they have paired spins"), 13, 14.
You are responsible for all Key Words. However, you are not expected to use any quantum numbers other than the principle atomic quantum number "n" which determines the "electron shell" an electron occupies.

Chapter 8

You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1-6 (all of them).
You are responsible for all Key Words except: amphoteric oxide.

Nuclear Chemistry
Chapter 2 (See comments in Atoms section, above)

Chapter 3

You are not responsible for any of the Key Equations listed. You are responsible for the concept of average atomic mass (m_avg = m₁f₁ + m₂f₂ + m₃f₃ + ..., where m_i = mass of isotope # i and f_i = the fraction of the atoms in the sample that are isotope i. See page 59.)
You are responsible for Facts & Concepts # 1 and 2 (but only for atoms).
You are responsible for only the Key Words: atomic mass, atomic mass unit (amu), Avogadro's number, mole.

Chapter 21

You are responsible for all Key Equations.
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts # 1, 2, 3 (except for radiochemical dating), 5, 6.
You are responsible for the Key Words: mass defect, nuclear binding energy, nuclear fusion, nuclear reaction, nuclear transmutation, positron, radioactive decay series, transuranium elements.

Compounds, RXNs and Stoichiometry
Chapter 1

You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #4 & 5.
You are responsible for the Key Words: accuracy, compound, element, liter, mass, precision, significant figures.

Chapter 2

You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #5 - 7.
You are responsible for all Key Words.

Chapter 3

You are responsible for all Key Equations.
You are responsible for all Facts and Concepts.
You are responsible for all Key Words.

Chemical Bonding
Chapter 9

You are not responsible for the Key Equation.
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1-5.
You are responsible for all the Key Words EXCEPT: bond enthalpy, Born-Haber cycle and lattice energy.

Molecular Shapes
Chapter 10

You are responsible for Key Equation 10.2, but not 10.1.
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1-5.
You are responsible for Key Words: bond order, dipole moment, homonuclear diatomic molecule, hybrid orbital, hybridization, nonpolar molecule, pi-bond (π-bond), polar molecule, sigma (σ-bond), valence shell and VSEPR.

Intermolecular Interactions and Solutions
Chapter 4

You are responsible for all Key Equations
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1, 3, 6,
You are responsible for the Key Words: aqueous solution, concentration of solution, dilution, electrolyte, hydration, hydronium ion, ionic equation, metathesis reaction, molar concentration, molarity(M), molecular equation, net ionic equation, nonelectrolyte, precipitate, precipitation reaction, reversible reaction, salt, solubility, solute, solution solvent and spectator ion.

Chapter 12

You are NOT responsible for any of the Key Equations
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1, 2, 3, 5
You are responsible for the Key Words: dipole-dipole forces, dispersion forces hydrogen bond, induced dipole, intermolecular forces, intramolecular forces, ion-dipole forces polarizability, van der Waals forces. Plus the following missing words: London dispersion forces. You also need to know that boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid vaporizes and the melting point is the temperature at which a solid liquifies.

Thermodynamics 1 (ΔH)
Chapter 6

You are responsible for all the Key Equations EXCEPT: 6.10
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1- 4, 5 (except for equation 6.10 stuff), 6, 7
You are responsible for all Key Words

Chapter 9

You are responsible for the Key Equation
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #6 (from previous sections you are responsible for 1-5)
You are responsible for the Key Words: bond enthalpy (and words from previous sections)

Chapter 11

You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1. You must also understand that alkanes are molecules made of C & H with only single bonds in the molecules. The nomenclature of "linear" or "normal" alkanes requires memorizing that CH₄ = methane, CH₃CH₃ = ethane, CH₃CH₂CH₃ = propane, CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃ = butane. For five or more C in a chain use the correct greek prefix and append -ane. The general formula for alkanes is C_nH_2n+2.
You are responsible for the Key Words: alcohol (contains -OH), alkane, hydrocarbon, saturated hydrocarbon, aliphatic hydrocarbon.

Fuel Values Handout

Understand how to calculate: fuel values, volumetric fuel values, and CO₂ intensity (or the inverse). Be able to used these to compare fuels.

Thermochemistry II, Kinetics & Equilibrium
Chapter 18

You are responsible for the Key Equations # 4, 5, 7, 9, 10 and 12.
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts #1-6
You are responsible for all Key Words.

Chapter 14

You are responsible for the Key Equations # 1, 10 and 12, plus expressions like those on page 456.
You are responsible for Fact and Concepts # 1-3, 5, 8, 9.
You are responsible for the Key Words: activated complex, activation energy (E_a), preexponential factor (A), Arrhenius equation, catalyst (heterogeneous versus homogeneous), chemical kinetics, enzyme, rate constant (k), rate law, reaction order, reaction rate, transition state.

Chapter 15

You are responsible for the Key Equation # 2.
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts # 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9.
You are responsible for all Key Words.

Acids, Bases and Equilibrium
Chapter 16

You are responsible for the Key Equations # 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11
You are responsible for Facts and Concepts # 1- 6, 12
You are responsible for all the Key Words except: ion-product constant and salt hydrolysis.

Chapter 17

You are responsible for the Key Equations.
You are reponsible for Facts and Concepts # 1, 2, 3 (only strong-acid strong-base titrations).
You are responsible for the Key Words: buffer solution and end point.

Making Your Own Review Sheets

The process of making a review sheet helps to set concepts in your mind. It will not do you much good if you do it by copying the review material at the end of the chapter. The most effective way to make the review sheet is to go through the chapter looking for key terms, concepts, equations and relations. Many of these items will be in bold face, italics or set off in some other way. The headings for sections are also useful guides to key ideas you should be familiar with. Then go through the suggested homework problems and make groups of similar types of problems. Try to come up with a label or description for each group.

I hope some of you find these suggestions useful.
Dr. G

Section 1: Atoms	Section 2: Nuclear Chemistry	Section 3: Compounds, RXNs and Stoichiometry	Section 4: Chemical bonding
Section 5: Molecular Shapes	Section 6: Intermolecular Interactions and Solutions	Section 7: Thermodynamics 1 (ΔH)	Section 8: Thermochemistry II, Kinetics & Equilibrium
Section 9: Acids, Bases and Equilibrium

Last Update:5/8/08