Upholstery
Tools
	* Tack hammer
	* Curved needles
	* Chalk
	* Ripping tool
	* Regulator

Materials
	* Webbing (Jute)
	* Burlap and Muslin
	* Cambric

Padding
	* Traditional: cotton batting
	* Urethane foam
	* Polyester batting and pads
	

Padded Seats
  * Start with plywood panel the size of chair frame. 
  * Smooth fabric over padding and board and pull over edge.

Two corner methods, box pleat and cut

Upholstered Seats
  * Weave jute webbing over entire bottom. 
	Stretch and tack in place.
  * Place springs inside frame on webbing. 
	Stitch in place to woven webbing or attach with hog nose rings.
  * Tack edge roll to frame to contain padding. 
  * Place springs inside frame on webbing.
  * Sew springs solidly to webbing with heavy twine.

  * Cover springs w/ burlap and tack down. 
	Use curved needle to sew springs to burlap. 
  * Place padding on seat. 
  * Add stuffing as needed.  
  * Place muslin over padding; 
	smooth and tack down.  
  * Place upholster fabric over muslin; 
	smooth and tack down. 
  * Add trim, gimp, etc. as desired. 

Theatrical variation- back
  Padded back, thin plywood attached flush to back face; use nailer strips.
  Cover with foam pad, cover as before.

Theatrical variation- seat
  Attach thin plywood to bottom of chair frame.
  Add thick foam pad in place of springs.
  Tack on edge strips, add padding and cover as before.

Overstuffed Chair
Frame is a skeleton, and Foundation webbing attached. 
Back AND seat are built and upholstered like the seat 
	described above. 
Arms are upholtered like back described above.

INSTEAD:
Make slip covers of new upholtery fabric. 
Place over existing upholtery and attach 
	to existing upholtery with slip stitches 
using button thread and a curved needle.