Affirmative Action
|
Equal Opportunity
|
| "Active Policy" |
"Passive policy" |
| Requires employers to take steps to make certain they are achieving goals of parity |
Prohibits intentional discrimination; requires that employers assess whether their organizational practices are producing discriminatory effects |
| Recognizes that intentions and achievements are not always perfectly matched and checks employer intentions against outcomes, according to standard business practices and legal doctrine |
Sets no procedures for checking the difference between employer intention and outcome |
| Requires employers to monitor progress |
Sets no procedures for monitoring progress |
| Establishes counting as necessary to determining whether employers have been successful in ensuring that outcomes are consistent with the goal of parity. |
Sets no procedures for assessing how well employers have met the goal of equal employment opportunity. |
| Requires that employer goals be based on counts of specific categories (i.e., race, gender, disability) |
Does not look at categories because there is no system for assessing outcomes |
